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Free to Plan a Secure Retirement
by Harry
Browne
(From
The
Great Libertarian Offer)
Social Security is not your ordinary insurance program. It dispenses
with such old-fashioned concepts as saving and wealth-building. There is
no salesman to talk to. No long, complicated contract with fine print —
and no actuarial tables to get in the way. No decisions for you to make.
It operates on a very simple principle:
The politicians take your money from you and spend it as they
please.
For all your working years, 15% of what you earn (up to $60,600 of
earnings per year) goes to the politicians as Social Security tax. They
might spend your money on other people's retirements —
or use it to buy votes, build monuments to themselves, or prop up
the Russian government for another half hour. But the one thing they'll
never do is put your money in an account with your name on it, where it
can be invested and grow and build up for your retirement.
No matter how much you've paid into Social Security, the politicians
have put nothing aside for your retirement. Every dollar they've
taken from you has already been spent.
Anything Social Security eventually pays you will be taken by force
from the paychecks of younger people —
probably including your own children and grandchildren.
Of course, such a system is inherently unsound —
robbing Peter to pay Paul, then robbing Patty to pay Peter, and
then searching for someone to rob in order to pay Patty. Because the
system is fueled by taxing and spending, rather than by saving and
investing, keeping it going gets harder and harder.
So the politicians have to "save" Social Security every few
years. They do this by changing the rules. The tax rate goes up. The
amount of your wages subject to tax goes up. The retirement age goes up.
And the benefit schedules change. If they keep "saving" Social
Security this way, one day someone may have to pay 85% of his income in
order to receive a pension of $100 a month when he retires at age 92.
In any event, keeping the program going is getting harder and harder as
people stay alive longer and longer. And every advance in medical science
makes the Social Security problem worse. Only for Social Security
administrators would a cure for cancer be a catastrophe.
The latest forecast of the Government Accounting Office says that by
2014 Social Security will be unable to pay its bills if it doesn't get
another fix soon.
The Future
Social Security isn't unique. It's a model of government in action —
taking from some, giving to others, and promising more to everyone.
To keep the game going, the politicians make more and more promises
without knowing who's going to pay for them. And so the liabilities mount
up — until some future Congress has
to deal with the situation by raising taxes, by reneging on some of the
promises, and by restricting your freedom even further.
Economists have estimated that a young person entering the workforce
today will have to pay 70% of his lifetime income in taxes just to cover
all the promises already made for Social Security and other
government schemes. But how many people will show up for work if 70% of
their earnings is taken from them?
So eventually the government will be able to survive only by reducing
drastically many of the "services" it has promised. One day your
Social Security check will be cut. Or some banks will fail but the
government insurance system won't have the money to cover all the losses.
Or you'll get sick in your old age but Medicare will be so broke it can
only hand you a booklet of first-aid tips from Dear Abby.
Most people know intuitively that the government won't keep its
promises — especially those for
Social Security. In fact, one poll found that only 32% of all Americans
who haven't yet retired believe they will ever collect Social Security
benefits. In the under-30 age group, more believe in flying saucers than
in the survival of Social Security. And, of course, their skepticism is
well founded.
You can't trust politicians with your health, or to make sure banks are
safe, or to manage welfare, or to put your safety or financial future
ahead of their own interests. So it should be obvious that you can't trust
politicians with your retirement money.
Turning anything over to politicians makes it a political issue —
to be decided in favor of whoever has the most political influence. And
that will never be you or me.
MAXIMIZING RETIREMENT
Social Security doesn't invest your money, it spends it. So it will
always be a poor alternative to the simplest system of saving and
investing. This makes the Social Security tax especially painful because
you could do so much more with the 15% the politicians are taking from
you.
If you pay money into a private retirement account, you have a
guaranteed contract you can count on. The contract never changes without
your permission, and no one can take anything away from you. And in
addition to providing a retirement income for yourself, you accumulate
capital you can pass on to your children.
Suppose you're 25 years old today, starting out on a career. And
suppose, instead of paying 15% to Social Security, you could keep that and
save it on your own — perhaps doing
nothing more sophisticated than keeping it in a bank savings account,
earning yearly interest of only 5%. And, lastly, suppose your first year's
salary is $25,000, growing from there by 5% each year.
When you retire, your savings would produce a monthly income of $4,510
(compared with Social Security's maximum benefit of $1,600). In addition,
you would leave an estate of over $1 million for your heirs, whereas
Social Security gives you no estate at all.
Or, if you'd be happy with Social Security's maximum benefit of $1,600,
you could acquire that by saving only 6% of your income, rather than by
pouring 15% of it into Social Security. And you'd still leave an estate of
over $350,000 — compared with $0 for
Social Security.
POLITICAL REFORMS OF SOCIAL SECURITY
Politicians aren't interested in plans to make your retirement secure
through private savings, however. They want to keep you locked into the
present system. "Saving Social Security" is a mantra for both
Democrats and Republicans. To them, it means saving their control over
your life.
No politician is suggesting you have the right as a free American to
drop out of Social Security whenever you want. Or that you be allowed to
control completely your own earnings or your own retirement. Or that
Social Security should be operated like any prudent private insurance
company — one that guarantees to
meet its obligations by saving and investing the money it collects.
No chance. All the suggestions for saving Social Security are about
gaining power and ducking blame —
putting off the problem, raising taxes, or giving the government more
control and calling it reform.
Democratic proposals include having the Social Security Administration
invest some of its tiny reserves in the stock market —
instead of keeping them all in U.S. government bonds, as is done now. This
supposedly would increase the return and eliminate the need to raise the
Social Security tax. Just think, Al Gore will be your investment advisor.
Even if the politicians could invest sensibly in stocks,
actually producing more money, this would serve only to give them more
money to squander. And they'd still be back every few years, pushing
another tax increase to bail out a bankrupt system.
The Republicans, on the other hand, talk about "privatizing"
Social Security. Does that mean the 15% they've been taking from you will
be yours to keep and invest however you want? Not on your life. They have
in mind letting you keep maybe 2% of the 15% they've been taking from you —
just as serfs were allowed to keep a small portion of the food they
produced for their masters.
Of course, you'll have to invest that 2% in ways the government
approves of — which means dealing
only with companies that have ingratiated themselves with the politicians.
Expect oil futures to be included on the "approved" list.
And the government still will take the other 13% of the Social Security
tax and send it down that big rat hole in Washington.
Some Republican proposals promise to increase the 2% gradually until
one day you'll get to keep the entire 15%. When will that be? The foremost
Republican plan estimates you'll have complete control in 60 years. Just
think: your great-great-grandchildren might be completely free from the
Social Security scheme.
Except, of course, that plans to reduce government control gradually
are quickly discarded.
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In 1981 Congress enacted a plan to
reduce taxes over three years. In the second year they raised
taxes, and did so again in the third year.
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In 1997 Congress made a big show of
putting "spending caps" into the federal budget —
permanent limits on how much the government could spend on
most items within the budget. The following year the politicians
discarded the caps.
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In 1999 the President and Congress noisily pledged to set aside
any surplus receipts from the Social Security tax to pay for
future Social Security benefits. Three months later, spending the
surplus on the war in Yugoslavia seemed like a better idea.
A multi-year transition program is usually a lie and always a failure.
It's the diet you'll start next month and the weeds you'll pull when the
weather's better.
Even if the politicians stuck to such a plan for the full 60 years, why
should we have to wait decades to be completely free of Social Security?
Tax Increase Coming
When it's time to pay off on political promises, the money is almost
never there. And if politicians can't weasel out of a promise, they have
only one way to pay for it: Raise taxes. In fact, they've raised Social
Security taxes 16 times already. That's an average of once every four
years since the program started in 1935.
Each payroll tax increase is touted as the final solution for Social
Security, but it really is just one more in a continuing series. So if we
let the politicians continue to control Social Security, the next tax
increase is inevitable.
Excuses
Republican and Democratic politicians offer all kinds of reasons for
hanging on to control over your retirement.
They say that some people don't know how to invest profitably. But,
once again, government breaks your legs and then claims that only it can
provide the crutch. Saving for your retirement is difficult only because
the politicians have made it that way.
If they didn't tax interest earnings, and if their monetary policies
didn't create inflation, you could assure a comfortable retirement simply
by putting 5% to 10% of your paycheck into a bank savings account —
or having your employer do it for you. Even if you know nothing about
investing, you could easily take care of yourself —
if the politicians would simply leave you alone.
They claim also that government must run your retirement because some
people are too irresponsible to plan ahead.
Of course, some people wouldn't provide for their own retirement. But
it is wrong to force everyone into a fraudulent system just because
a few people won't take responsibility. It's like saying that since not
everyone can drive well, no one should be allowed to drive —
and we all have to ride in the government bus, even as it careens along
the edge of a cliff.
Because government taxes away half our income, planning for retirement is
difficult today. The obvious solution is to reduce taxes dramatically, end
Social Security, and let you save the amount you think is right.
That was the system we had before Social Security was enacted. People
saved for their own retirement. Those few people who wound up with nothing
were taken care of by private charity; their retirement wasn't as
comfortable as that of more responsible people, but they lived as well as
people who are wholly dependent on Social Security today.
REAL REFORM OF SOCIAL SECURITY
So long as Social Security remains in the politicians' hands, it will
be unsafe. We can't leave our retirement money lying on the table, for
them to grab and spend.
The only way to make Social Security safe is by getting the government
out of it.
And the only way to get government out of it is to do so now —
completely and forever.
Millions of Americans have paid into Social Security. But since the
politicians have already spent that money, they now tax you to make
good on what they promised to others.
That seems to leave only two alternatives: either (1) you continue
paying the tax collector for the retirement of senior citizens or (2)
elderly people will lose their pensions.
Political methods always involve using force to take from one and give
to another. So political methods can't free you and other Americans from
servitude to Social Security without impoverishing those who are already
dependent upon it.
But we don't have to solve this problem with political methods.
Real Security for Seniors
If you're retired now or about to be, the present system makes you
dependent on the politicians' ability to take more and more money away
from your children and grandchildren. No wonder you worry about your
future.
In place of Social Security, I want you to have your own individual
account with a private company that can guarantee to deliver a lifetime
income to you without fail — an
income equal to what Social Security has promised.
The politicians will never be able to touch that account or reduce it
or borrow from it for their pet programs. It will belong to you and you
alone, just like your car or your clothes.
Financing the Transition
It isn't necessary to tax younger people to provide private accounts
for each person on Social Security now.
The federal government owns trillions of dollars worth of assets it
doesn't need and shouldn't have. These include power companies, pipelines,
idle military bases, business enterprises, over 400,000 buildings, oil and
mineral rights, commodity reserves, and much more —
including 29% of all the land in the United States.
When the federal government is reduced to just its Constitutional
functions, there will be no reason for it to continue hoarding those
assets. They can be sold to the public, putting them in the hands of
people who will use them more responsibly and more productively. And the
sales will generate the money to clean up the financial mess the
politicians have made.
So that the market for these assets won't be depressed, I believe the
sales should take place over a six-year period. I'd prefer that it be six
days, but that would reduce the proceeds.
It is impossible to know in advance how much money the assets will
bring because nothing like this has ever been done before. Estimates of
the assets' market value have ranged from $5 trillion to $50 trillion. But
if selling the assets brings even $12 trillion, it would solve two thorny
problems.
First, the initial proceeds should be used to buy private retirement
accounts for everyone now on Social Security —
lifetime annuities from stable insurance companies that have never broken
their promises.
The government will have no further Social Security liability to
anyone. No retiree will be left in the lurch or dependent on the solvency
of Social Security. And neither you nor your children will ever again have
to pay the 15% Social Security tax.
Anyone between age 50 and retirement can receive an annuity that will
begin paying out at age 65.
Anyone under 50 will save more from the elimination of the Social
Security tax than he gives up in future Social Security benefits.
Second, the remaining proceeds from the asset sales will pay off the
entire accumulated federal debt. You, your children, and your
grandchildren will be free of the enormous burden of debt the politicians
have piled on you. The government's yearly interest costs will be reduced
to zero.
This is real reform.
It's the only plan that takes Social Security completely away from the
politicians and gives you control over your own money.
It's the only way your retirement, that of your parents and
grandparents, and that of your children and grandchildren, will finally be
secure.
It's the only solution worthy of a free country.
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